When winter arrives and food becomes scarce, backyard birds
depend more than ever on natural sources of nourishment. While feeders help,
wildlife experts agree that the best long-term support comes from planting
species that provide berries, seeds, and shelter throughout the coldest months.
If you want to turn your garden into a winter refuge for
hungry birds, here are nine expert-recommended plants that offer
reliable food—even in freezing temperatures.
1. Winterberry (Ilex verticillata)
A standout favorite among conservationists, winterberry
holds its bright red berries deep into winter. Species like robins, bluebirds,
and waxwings rely on this vitamin-rich fruit when other food sources disappear.
The berries stay visible even after snowfall, making winterberry both beautiful
and beneficial.
2. Holly (Ilex aquifolium & Ilex opaca)
Holly’s glossy leaves and striking berries are iconic winter
symbols—and a lifesaver for birds. Thrushes, blackbirds, and mockingbirds feast
on the fruit. Holly shrubs also offer dense shelter, protecting birds from
predators and harsh winds.
3. Serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.)
Though serviceberries ripen earlier in the year, many
varieties retain dried berries into the winter months. These fruits are packed
with nutrients and are a favorite of cedar waxwings, finches, and cardinals.
4. Viburnum (Viburnum dentatum, Viburnum trilobum)
Viburnum species provide late-season berries that persist
well into early winter. These shrubs support dozens of bird species, from
robins to woodpeckers. Their branching structure also makes ideal nesting areas
for birds sheltering through cold nights.
5. Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana)
This evergreen’s blue, waxy berries are a vital winter food
source. Cedar waxwings are especially drawn to them—which is how they got their
name. The tree’s thick foliage offers thermal cover when temperatures drop
significantly.
6. Sumac (Rhus typhina, Rhus glabra)
Sumac clusters stay upright and vibrant long after frost
arrives. Birds such as chickadees, starlings, and flickers feed on its red seed
heads throughout winter. Its brilliant color also adds a warm splash to winter
landscapes.
7. Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea)
Leave the dried flower heads standing at the end of the
season—your winter birds will thank you. Goldfinches and sparrows pull seeds
from the cones all winter long. The stems also catch snow beautifully, creating
a natural winter garden aesthetic.
8. Black-Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta)
Like coneflowers, black-eyed susans produce dried seed heads
that persist through winter. Wildlife experts emphasize the importance of not
cutting these plants back until spring. Jays, finches, and chickadees rely on
their seeds when the ground freezes.
9. Crabapple (Malus spp.)
Certain crabapple varieties hold their small fruits well
into winter, providing an energy-rich food source for birds such as robins,
grosbeaks, and waxwings. The fruit is high in sugar, offering much-needed
calories during freezing temperatures.
Why These Plants Matter for Bird Survival
During winter, natural food sources—especially
insects—become scarce. Birds depend on berries, seeds, and dried fruits to
survive. By planting these winter-friendly species, you:
- Provide
consistent food during harsh weather
- Help
migratory birds refuel along their route
- Support
healthy bird populations year-round
- Create
a more biodiverse and resilient garden
Even small yards, balconies, and community spaces can
contribute to winter bird conservation.
A Garden That Gives Back
Planting for birds turns your outdoor space into a living
sanctuary. With these nine expert-approved species, you help ensure that the
wildlife around you thrives—even in the toughest months of the year.
References
- Cornell
Lab of Ornithology. “Plants for Birds: Winter Food Sources.” All About
Birds. https://www.allaboutbirds.org
- Audubon
Society. “Native Plants for Birds in Winter.” https://www.audubon.org/native-plants
- Tallamy,
D. W. (2009). Bringing Nature Home: How Native Plants Sustain Wildlife
in Our Gardens. Timber Press.
- National
Wildlife Federation. “Planting for Birds and Other Wildlife.” https://www.nwf.org
- Missouri
Botanical Garden. “Plants for Wildlife: Birds.” https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org
- Sibley,
D. A. (2014). The Sibley Guide to Birds. Knopf.
